托福真經月報-2022年01月報

01.托福寫作題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL WRITING QUESTIONS

📝托福寫作2種題型

• 第1題 (Writing Task 1) :整合寫作題型
• 第2題 (Writing Task 2) :獨立寫作題型

第1題 整合寫作題 Writing Task 1

本題考生將用約3分鐘閱讀一篇文章，再用約2分鐘聽一段教授講課音檔，閱讀題目後在20分鐘內完成寫作，統整聽力中教授講課內容如何回應閱讀中的論點。

建議練習方向為練習閱讀資訊改寫(換句話說)，練習聽力資訊詳實轉述，與練習使用高分模板寫作(推薦克雷英文滿分寫作模板)。

閱讀 (3分鐘) ➤聽⼒ (約2分鐘) ➤閱讀寫作題⽬ ➤寫作 (20分鐘) 建議字數250-300字

第2題 獨立寫作題 Writing Task 2

本題考生將針對題目中問題，在30分鐘內完成寫作，提出自己的論點並以理由與例證說明論點。

建議練習方向為練習快速構思理由，練習論說文的說理式寫作邏輯(推薦克雷英文滿分寫作模板)，與練習舉具體事例扣題。

閱讀寫作題⽬➤寫作 (30分鐘)建議字數350-400字

02.托福整合寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 QUESTION

整合寫作真題題目(2022年01月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading Passage：
There has been a debate over whether the landing location on Mars should be on its equator or the poles. It’s clear that landing on the equator would be a much better option. First, the temperature at the poles is too cold. Without a thermal blanket like Earth, the temperature can go down to -125 degrees Celsius. However, unlike the poles, the equator has a moderate temperature and can reach around 20 degrees Celsius at noon on a summer day. If we choose to land on the poles, the cold weather is going to damage the space exploration equipment and affect landing safety. Second, Mars spins faster at its equator, which would give a rocket traveling in the same direction of the spin a boost in velocity. Therefore, traveling to the equator would be of shorter distance and save more fuel and time. Lastly, the equator is exposed to more sunlight than that of the other parts of Mars. Hence, landing on the equator allows the explorer to observe the surface better.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture：
It is not necessarily true that the equator area makes a better landing location for the explorer. First, the temperature in the equator area is not necessarily as moderate as we think. In fact, it fluctuates very frequently, leading to thermal expansion and contraction that will cause the equipment to crack. Second, although traveling to the equator can save fuel and time, it is not possible to bring all the fuels for the trip from Earth. In fact, the fuels must be made from local water resources. The poles have large amounts of ice and can be melted into liquid water. On the other hand, the equator does not have water sources. Lastly, the factor of sunlight. Despite the fact that having more sunlight helps the observation of Mars’s surface, radiation from the sunlight could potentially damage the observing equipment. Whereas in the polar area, there is ice that could be built into ice walls that keep the equipment blocked from the radiation.

02.托福整合寫作範文 1 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 SAMPLE ANSWER 1

問題：

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage.（2022年01月真題）

👩‍🦱整合寫作台灣老師滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:296字)

The reading passage claims that the equator will make a better landing location compared to the pole on Mars, and several reasons are provided in support of the argument. Although the statement seems convincing and substantiated, the lecture casts doubt on it and points out that the poles are the better location for the following reasons.

First, even though the passage suggests that the temperature at the equator is milder and therefore less risky for landing operations, the lecturer argues that the frequent fluctuations in temperature in the area could cause thermal expansion and contraction and, hence, damage the hardware. Therefore, the professor’s argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.

Second, the position held by the writer states that flying to the equator would be more fuel and time-efficient. The lecturer concedes the point but explains that as it is impossible to carry all the fuel needed, more must be generated from the water nearby, which is available at the poles, making them a better choice for a Martian landing.

Last but not least, the lecturer acutely identifies the weakness in the reading that having more sunlight does not necessarily benefit the observation of the Martian surface. He demonstrates convincingly that radiation from the sunlight could pose a threat to the equipment for observation. On the other hand, the ice in the poles could be used to construct barriers to protect the scientific gear from radiation. As a result, the polar area is shown to be a much more suitable option.

In conclusion, based on the evidence provided above, it can be clearly seen that the case made by the writer has been refuted by the lecturer. Although the content in the reading passage seems plausible, the speaker disproves them for solid reasons.

03.托福獨立寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 2 QUESTION

獨立寫作真題 題目（2022年01月真題）

問題：

Which of the following do you think can better strengthen friendship between you and your friend? Having a good time together with your friend; solving your friend’s problem.（2022年01月真題）

獨立寫作高分示範範文- 全文 （字數：462字）

When it comes to the most effective ways to build strong friendships, answers can vary considerably from individual to individual. Some might say that having a good time together is the best policy, while others believe that solving your friend’s problem is the way to go. Speaking for myself, I am someone who doesn’t have a lot of friends. However, between the few that I have had over the years, we do have pretty strong relationships. A big part of it is, I think, because of all the fun things we did together in our youth. Therefore, my personal experience has led me to believe that the former is the better option.

First of all, having fun together is a good way to deepen the bond between people. My best friend in college and I were in the same chorus group– we were both crazy about singing. So much of our time was taken up by practice sessions, which included learning the songs, memorizing the lyrics, and getting ready for the annual concerts. Even years after the performances, we still remember the music and the hours and hours we spent in rehearsal, to a degree that even if we don’t see each other that much anymore, we still feel just as close.

Secondly, you get to know someone better when you do something you both like. Another good friend of mine from college, John, loved reading novels as much as I did. We would recommend authors to each other and share our thoughts on the books we were reading. John was usually a pretty quiet guy, but on the topic of fiction he was able to break away from his usual reserve and shared his opinions on different issues. By joining John in what he enjoyed doing, I was able to see a whole new side of him and gain a deeper understanding of his personality.

On the other hand, solving your friend’s problem doesn’t really improve your relationship. In fact, it can have the opposite effect. In my opinion, people don’t usually want you to solve their problems; most of the time, they just want you to listen to them and give them compliments when they solve their problems themselves. Giving advice or practical help to a friend in his difficult times is often a good way to annoy them, and can do harm to your friendship.

In conclusion, given the reasons mentioned above, I strongly believe that having a good time with your friend is a much better way to bring you closer together. While it is natural to want to intervene when you see a friend in trouble, doing so is likely more detrimental than beneficial. I am convinced that I have substantiated reasons to support my point of view.

04.托福口說題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL SPEAKING QUESTIONS

👄托福口說部分總共有4題：

• 第1題➤獨立題型 ➤個人意見題
• 第2題➤整合題型 ➤校園情境題
• 第3題➤整合題型 ➤觀念例子題
• 第4題➤整合題型 ➤學術講課題

第1題 Speaking Task 1

題目中會提供兩個立場論述，請你擇一立場附理由解釋你的觀點，或是提供單一論點，請你附理由解釋自己同意或不同意。

看到題目➤準備 (15秒)➤口說回答 (45秒)

第2題 Speaking Task 2

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章(學生陳情信、校園公告等)，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為2位學生的對話。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第3題 Speaking Task 3

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章，內容主要為學術文章，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為教授講課片對。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第4題 Speaking Task 4

題目將播放一篇聽力音檔，內容主要為學術講課，聽完後考生須作口說摘要。

聽力 (約1-2分)➤準備 (20秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

05.托福口說第1題真題與示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 1 QUESTION, SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Do you think the government should spend money saving endangered animals or the money has to come from private sources? （2022年01月真題）

🎙口說第1題 示範答案音檔

口說第1題 示範答案 逐字稿

I believe that the government should be spending money to save endangered animals. First of all, human beings have a collective responsibility to protect endangered animals for our future generation. We do not want our children to only see giant pandas in pictures instead of in person. Therefore, taking a portion out of the government’s budget to save these animals will have a long-term benefit. However, this does not mean we should solely depend on the government’s money. We should continuously advocate for endangered animals and ask for donations to prevent their extinction. With the government’s help and donations, we would be able to bring more resources to help protect these rare animals.

06.托福口說第2題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 QUESTION

口說第2題 真題（2022年01月真題）

閱讀題目 Letter

I think the university should buy a 3D printer for the architecture department to print their 3D models. This would help architecture students greatly with their school projects and visualizing their designs. Furthermore, the 3D printer should be set up in the library because that will be the most convenient location for everyone to use it since everyone has access to the library. Sincerely, Jacob Brenner

聽力題目逐字稿 Listening

Listen to a conversation between two students.
Student A: Hey Carla! Have you seen Jacob’s letter about the 3D printers?
Student B: Yeah! I think overall it is a great idea! As a fellow architecture student, it would be really helpful if I could print out my models instead of hand-crafting them. Also, a lot of companies these days require their employees to know how to use a 3D printer, just like the company I am currently interning at.
Student A: That makes sense. And what about the latter part? The part where the letter says it should be placed in the library?
Student B: Well, I have to say, I disagree with that part of the proposal. Just think about it. If it is placed in the library, some people may use it just for fun and hold up the line for people who actually need it.
Student A: That’s true.
Student B: I just feel that placing it in the building of the architecture department would be a better option as we are the ones who need it the most.

06.托福口說第2題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

The girl expresses her opinion of the student’s proposal in the letter. State the girl’s opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion. （2022年01月真題）

🎙口說第2題 示範答案音檔

口說第2題 示範答案逐字稿

In the letter, the student requests the school to buy a 3D printer for the architecture department and place it in the library. However, the girl in the listening only agrees partially. She is also an architecture student and sees the need for the printer. She states that it would be helpful to print out her models instead of handcrafting them. Also, learning how to operate the printer will be beneficial for her future career. Most architectural companies require their employees to know how to use a 3D printer, just like the company the student is interning at. But she disagrees with the part that it should be placed in the library because some may use it for fun and it will be better to be placed in the architecture department for those who need it the most.

07.托福口說第3題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 QUESTION

閱讀題目 Textbook

Animals live in communities just like humans do. Likewise, they may encounter arguments within their community. Therefore, to avoid these arguments, instead of verbal negotiations like humans, they do so through behaviors called appeasement behaviors. It is a series of peaceful actions by one organism that reduce the likelihood of threatening behavior from another organism. This often involves reducing apparent body size, sharing food as opposed to having it be taken, or using vocal signals. Through appeasement behaviors organism portray themselves as unthreatening as possible to keep the peace within an animal community.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture

Listen to a lecture in a Biology Class.
Professor: Have you ever wondered how animals remain peaceful in their communities? There is a certain kind of animal behavior called appeasement behavior. Appeasement behavior means when a conflict arises among animals of the same species, the ones with less strength or chances to win the fight will act in a submissive way or send out non-confrontational signs that show the stronger ones their desire to make peace in the situation. These friendly gestures reduce the likelihood of attack or threatening behavior from other individuals. Let’s take a look at the wolf packs as an example. When the wolves are digging in their prey after a hunt, the stronger wolves may want to have a larger portion of their food or even threaten to fight the weaker wolves in order to take everything away. In this case, the smaller wolves tend to take a series of actions, such as lowering their head and reducing their body size by keeping their fur closer to their body, to show submission. As a result, a fight will be prevented and peace is restored among the pack.

07.托福口說第3題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using points and examples from the lecture, please describe what is appeasement behavior.（2022年01月真題）

🎙口說第3題 示範答案音檔

口說第3題 示範答案逐字稿

Appeasement behavior is a way for a group of animals to remain at peace within their community. The professor in the lecture states that this behavior happens when a conflict arises in their community, and the weaker one will perform a series of actions to send the message of submission in a non-confrontational manner to the stronger opponent to make peace. In the case of a wolf pack, when the stronger wolves threaten the smaller wolves for a larger portion of their prey, the smaller wolves tend to lower their head and reduce their body size by keeping their fur closer to their body. These are all appeasement behaviors that avoid a fight among the pack in the hopes of keeping its peace.

08.托福口說第4題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 QUESTION

聽力題目逐字稿 Listening

In an ideal world, when potential customers walk into a store, the store would provide them with the best shopping experience so that the store could make as much from each person who walks in as possible and maximize their revenue. In reality, however, there are many gaps that keep customers from making purchase decisions. Businesses have to close the gaps between their ideals and reality to not leave money on the table. To do so, their first step is to identify where the gaps are. For example, if the wait time during the checkout process is too long, it could discourage a potential customer from making the purchase and therefore form a gap where the store fails to make the most dollar amount from that customer. After the gap is clearly pinpointed, the second step is to close the gap. So using the example mentioned earlier, during the rush hour when a store is packed and people are standing in lines to wait for checkout, the store should send more staff to the cashier to shorten the average checkout time. This way, customers would be able to have a fast and smooth shopping experience and the store would not lose a potential sale.

08.托福口說第4題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Use the example in the lecture to explain how stores close the gap between reality and ideals.（2022年01月真題）

🎙口說第4題 示範答案音檔

口說第4題 示範答案逐字稿

In the listening, stores want to provide the best shopping experience to customers; however, there are many gaps between ideals and reality that prevent them from making extra sales. To close this gap, businesses need to identify these gaps first. In the listening, it uses the checkout process as an example. The lecturer states that if the waiting time during the process is too long, it could discourage a potential customer from making a purchase. Therefore, to close this gap, the store should send more staff to the cashier to shorten the average checkout time. This way, customers will have a satisfying shopping experience and the stores would hence achieve their goals of maximizing their profit from returning customers.