托福真經月報-2024年1月報

01.托福寫作題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL WRITING QUESTIONS

📝托福寫作2種題型

• 第1題 (Writing Task 1) :整合寫作題型
• 第2題 (Writing Task 2) :學術討論寫作題型

第1題 整合寫作題 Writing Task 1

本題考生將用約3分鐘閱讀一篇文章，再用約2分鐘聽一段教授講課音檔，閱讀題目後在20分鐘內完成寫作，統整聽力中教授講課內容如何回應閱讀中的論點。

建議練習方向為練習閱讀資訊改寫(換句話說)，練習聽力資訊詳實轉述，與練習使用高分模板寫作(推薦克雷英文滿分寫作模板)。

閱讀 (3分鐘) ➤聽⼒ (約2分鐘) ➤閱讀寫作題⽬ ➤寫作 (20分鐘) 建議字數250-300字

第2題 學術討論寫作題 Writing Task 2

本題考生將在10分鐘內，閱讀教授在討論板上提出的問題與兩位同學的回覆後，完成寫作，寫作中須對於討論串有貢獻，並且附理由與舉例提出自己獨特的論點。

建議練習方向為練習快速構思立場，練習如何寫作支持細節來支持立場（推薦克雷英文托福衝刺課），與練習舉出具體事例扣題。

閱讀題⽬與寫作(10分鐘) 建議字數120-150字

02.托福整合寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 QUESTION

整合寫作真題題目(2024年1月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading Passage：

Despite the rise of digital technology in many industries, one field that has not yet fully embraced the digital age is the medical industry. Many proponents advocate digitizing the medical industries record keeping system. Shifting from paper medical records and physical filing to electronic medical records and digital filing will have considerable benefits.

Firstly, digitizing paper records and doing away with wasteful physical records will save money. The cost of keeping physical paper records, to name but a few, includes the cost of paper, printer ink, and physical storage filing systems. Switching to electronic medical records will eliminate these expenses and reduce costs, benefiting medical office record keepers and reducing operation overhead. In the case of large hospitals that treat hundreds of unique patients monthly, these cost reductions could translate into millions of dollars in savings.

Another benefit is accuracy. In the current system, patients fill out paper forms about medical history, including previous surgeries and medications. If a patient forgets to accurately provide information, or if information is not provided because it seemed unimportant, medical workers will add another sheet of paper with corrections. However, these additional pages are often misplaced or simply forgotten, leaving doctors with incomplete or inaccurate documentation. With electronic health records, staff can edit or add information at any time, meaning that the most up-to-date and accurate information is available to the doctors.

Finally, electronic records may be used for medical research. Submitted digital records can be used to accumulate and integrate patient records from geographically separate areas. This data can be compiled into a single database for medical research that encompasses patients from around the world. The monitoring and analysis of electronic medical records have the potential to make every patient a participant in a vast, ongoing clinical trial, pinpointing treatments and side effects that would otherwise be hard to discern.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture：

The reading passage is correct in advocating the adoption of electronic medical records to simplify record keeping. And yes, modernizing the paper filing system will have a few benefits. But there are a few substantial reasons why it will be impossible to completely eliminate paper records from the medical industry.

To begin with, electronic medical records cannot significantly reduce office operation costs because clinics will still keep paper records in addition to their electronic records. In many cases, hospital administration, doctors, and insurance companies require papers with signatures on them for official use. So even though some doctor offices or hospitals will use electronic filing systems, they will also maintain paper records in parallel.

Second, electronic record systems will not entirely eliminate record keeping errors. Human error still exists in the computer age. For example, during medical check-ups doctors still take notes with a paper and pen. These notes are then passed on to other office staff that in turn digitize it and enter data into databases. We all know that doctors have notoriously illegible handwriting which could be misinterpreted by office staff and incorrectly input into record systems. In this way, errors would still find their way into a digital record system despite all the best efforts to eliminate them.

Third, the notion that all these electronic medical records could be used in some sort of integrated and large-scale research is flawed. Patient medical record privacy is protected by law and not to be shared publicly. Aside from the legal aspect, it is doubtful that many patients would be willing to give legal consent for research teams because, obviously, this information is very personal and sensitive. This legal obstacle will limit the number of patient participants and not represent a comprehensive data pool for researchers.

02.托福整合寫作範文 1 TOEFL WRITING TASK 1 SAMPLE ANSWER 1

問題：

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage.（2024年1月真題）

👩‍🦱整合寫作美國老師滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:300字)

The reading passage discusses three benefits for digitizing medical records: saving resources, reducing documentation errors and the use of records for medical research. However, the professor in the lecture claims that each of these benefits will not materialize as the reading claims.

First, the reading passage claims that switching to digital records would reduce the amount of paper and ink clinics use, thereby saving them money. The lecturer, on the other hand, contends that most clinics will continue to keep paper files alongside digital records. Many institutions still require paper with physical signatures. Thus, digitization will not significantly reduce costs associated with office supplies.

Second, the reading states that digital records are more accurate because they can be easily edited and will not get lost, as some paper records are. However, the speaker points out that errors will still occur. For instance, many doctors take notes on paper with poor handwriting. When another member of a clinic’s staff transcribes a doctor’s notes, there is still a high probability of error, so digital records will not necessarily be more accurate than paper ones.

Finally, the speaker rejects the notion that electronic records can be compiled into one giant database, which can then be used to perform medical research. For one thing, there are significant legal hurdles that would prevent the sharing of patient data. Furthermore, even without legal protection, many patients would object to having their private information shared with strangers. Therefore, it seems unlikely that a database like the one proposed in the reading passage can come to fruition.

Although the benefits given in the reading passage initially seem convincing, the lecturer refutes each one. She clearly shows that the digitization of medical records would not lead to financial savings, more accurate recordkeeping and advances in big data medical research.

👱‍♀️整合寫作滿分示範範文- 全文(字數:297字)

The reading passage explores the issue of digitizing medical records, and several reasons are provided in support of the argument. Although the statements seem convincing, the lecturer casts doubts on them for the following reasons.

First, even though the reading passage suggests that digitizing records can significantly save costs of paper and ink for hospitals, the lecturer argues that there will not be very much difference. He highlighted that keeping a copy of physical records is necessary for official use because physical signatures are often required. Hospitals will keep physical records alongside the electronic versions. Therefore, the lecturer’s argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.

Second, the writer claims that maintaining electronic medical records allows for more accurate and comprehensive data to be preserved, edited, and updated. The speaker refutes the idea by explaining that a doctor’s notes are usually taken with paper and pen during medical check-ups and have to be manually entered into the database. Human errors might occur during this process, so digitized documents may not be more accurate than paper records.

Finally, the lecturer acutely identifies the weakness in the reading that digitizing medical records does not necessarily provide data for researchers. He points out that these pieces of highly personal and sensitive information should be kept confidential. Moreover, he pointed out that, as informed consent from patients had to be obtained before their medical data could be legally used, the amount of information that could be obtained would be very limited. As a result, whether such scarce data could be useful for research remains a question.

In conclusion, based on the evidence provided above, it can be clearly seen that the two sides are contradictory. Although the contents of the reading passage seem plausible, the speaker disproves them with solid reasoning.

03.托福獨立寫作真題 TOEFL WRITING TASK 2 QUESTION

學術討論寫作真題 題目(2024年1月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on career readiness. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following:
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.

An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Garcia:
When students are preparing to graduate from university, they need to make decisions about what kind of company they want to work for. They might consider large, older companies with an established reputation, or possibly new start- up companies, which tend to be small but very focused on the future. Consider the advantages of each. Would it generally be better for a new university graduate to begin working for a large, established company, or for a small start-up company? Why?

Kelly (student 1):
I think in general, the established company is the better choice. Because they’re already well-known, these companies have a certain amount of respect in the business community, so it would look good to have that job experience on your résumé. That advantage alone would be a great start for a recent graduate.

Andrew (student 2):
I see your point, Kelly, but taking a position at a start-up company would offer so much excitement. They often have an energy that older companies can’t match-everyone can be focused on new, innovative business practices and they would be more aggressive about getting new clients. That would be a much better experience for someone fresh out of university!

👩‍🦱學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：152字）

Kelly mentioned that larger and older companies, with their established success and reputation, are a better option for fresh graduates. To add to her point, I believe that big companies can provide more resources and learning opportunities for college graduates who have limited work experience.

They can “stand on the shoulders of giants” and see the big picture of the whole market and get a complete view of the business model. The resources of a larger enterprise can be used for professional development, which benefits both workers and the company.

For example, my first job after graduating was at a large corporation. The company paid for training and professional conferences, so I quickly learned a lot. The experience I accumulated from that job prepared me for my current job, which is at a smaller company. Therefore, I think fresh graduates should first consider joining big companies when looking for their first job.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：145字）

I agree with Andrew that new graduates should begin working at startup companies. This is because they have the opportunity to earn more money through a startup if it succeeds, while also having time to make up for possible losses.

If a startup is based on a new idea and is able to capitalize on technological advances, it may become extremely profitable. If this happens, employees might earn immense amounts of money as well. On the other hand, many startups do not survive and end up closing after a few years. While unfortunate, this still leaves recent graduates with enough time to seek employment elsewhere. With many working years ahead of them, they can find other work and still save money for retirement.

Because the cost of a business failure is less catastrophic for young graduates, they should take the risk by working for startups.

學術討論寫作真題 2 題目(2024年1月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on human resources management. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Diaz:
Our next class will focus on how companies maintain their staffing levels. While it is important for a company to look for new employees to fill open positions, many believe it is equally important for a company to retain the workers it already has on staff. In your opinion, what is the best way for a company to encourage its employees to stay at the company instead of seeking a different job elsewhere?

Paul (student 1):
I think the best thing a company could do to keep its employees is to create a work environment that employees look forward to going to five days a week. Cramped office spaces or disorderly factory floors are not places I would want to spend a third of my life.

Claire (student 2):
I see Paul’s point. But even more important than a nice workspace is making sure the employees don’t feel stuck in their jobs. Companies should offer opportunities for employees to advance their skills so they can get new positions within the company if they want. Employees should feel like they have a goal to work toward.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：149字）

I agree with Paul that the best way to retain employees is to create a working environment that people enjoy being in. One important aspect of this is making employees feel appreciated and welcomed.

Some managers and coworkers are so focused on work tasks and corporate objectives that they treat other employees as tools to be used to reach their goals. This makes their coworkers feel that they are treated more like a machine than a person. To counteract this, companies should nurture a culture of friendship and collegiality. Managers should express concern for their employees’ health and well-being. They can celebrate birthdays and other life events like weddings. This will develop friendships, and soon employees will look forward to going to work and seeing their friends.

Therefore, the best way for a company to keep employees is to create a welcoming and friendly atmosphere in the workplace.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：143字）

I agree with Paul’s perspective on the challenges of preserving old historic buildings, especially in densely populated urban areas. While these buildings boast unique historical significance, they often lag behind in meeting current safety and accessibility standards.

Their outdated infrastructure and structural deficiencies pose risks to occupants, lacking necessary features for individuals with disabilities. In such cases, replacing them with modern structures becomes imperative to address safety concerns and ensure compliance with contemporary building codes. For example, the Grenfell Tower fire in London, which tragically claimed 72 lives in 2017 due to the building’s outdated infrastructure. This catastrophic event emphasizes the urgent need to replace old buildings with modern ones to meet safety standards and building codes.

In conclusion, while preserving historical charm is important, it must be balanced with ensuring the safety, accessibility, and functionality of urban spaces in the present day.

學術討論寫作真題 3 題目(2024年1月真題)

問題：

Your professor is teaching a class on education. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
In your response, you should do the following.
– Express and support your opinion.
– Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

Doctor Diaz:
This week, we’ll look at practices and activities used by primary and secondary school teachers. Let’s begin by discussing journal writing activities. Some teachers ask students to keep a journal and to regularly write down their thoughts about a recent lesson or respond to a question presented by the teacher. There are also many teachers who never assign journal writing. Now, I’d like your opinion: Is journal writing a worthwhile activity to support learning? Why or why not?

Claire (student 1):
I think getting students into the habit of writing reflectively can be very beneficial. Journal writing gives students an opportunity to develop their own ideas about what they’re learning whether it’s for a math class or a literature class. It could also give the teacher an informal way to gauge how well students are comprehending the lessons.

Paul (student 2):
I’m not convinced journal writing is worthwhile in classes. Teachers have a lot of material to cover, and students have much to learn. Unless a student is particularly interested in journal keeping, the student might view journaling as just more busy work. For there to be a benefit, students would need to take it seriously. I don’t think all would.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文1（字數：148字）

I agree with Claire that students can benefit much from the process of reflective writing. Journaling helps students think critically about class material while also observing their learning. It also provides an additional channel of communication between students and teachers.

When journaling, students react to a certain topic and reflect on themselves. They might realize that they do not understand a concept as well as they originally thought, or they might notice that a certain study method is not effective for them. Moreover, journals are also a good communication tool between students and teachers. They allow teachers to understand every student’s learning status. For example, when I was in elementary school, I was required to keep a journal. Not only was I talking to my teacher, but I also became more mindful and grounded through journal writing.

Therefore, I believe that journal writing is beneficial to students.

學術討論寫作滿分示範範文2（字數：150字）

I agree with Paul that making students keep journals is not the best use of their time. This is because teachers are not able to provide meaningful feedback on students’ journal entries.

If all students write in their journals about each school day or each class period, they produce an immense amount of material over time. The volume of writing will quickly become too much for any teacher to read closely and mark up. However, journals are only effective learning tools if teachers can provide feedback to students, correct mistakes or ask for clarification. Without this, journals might reinforce bad writing habits among students. Our teachers are already busy and cannot take on a task as monumental as marking journals.

Because teachers lack the time to provide feedback on the volume of writing that is produced by journaling, this is not a worthwhile method to support learning.

04.托福口說題型速覽 INTRODUCTION TO TOEFL SPEAKING QUESTIONS

👄托福口說部分總共有4題：

• 第1題➤獨立題型 ➤個人意見題
• 第2題➤整合題型 ➤校園情境題
• 第3題➤整合題型 ➤觀念例子題
• 第4題➤整合題型 ➤學術講課題

第1題 Speaking Task 1

題目中會提供兩個立場論述，請你擇一立場附理由解釋你的觀點，或是提供單一論點，請你附理由解釋自己同意或不同意。

看到題目➤準備 (15秒)➤口說回答 (45秒)

第2題 Speaking Task 2

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章(學生陳情信、校園公告等)，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為2位學生的對話。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第3題 Speaking Task 3

題目中將提供一篇閱讀篇章，內容主要為學術文章，後播放一段聽力音檔，內容主要為教授講課片對。閱讀以及聽完之後，考生須統整閱讀與聽力資訊作口說摘要。

閱讀 (45-50秒)➤聽力 (約1-1.5分)➤準備 (30秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

第4題 Speaking Task 4

題目將播放一篇聽力音檔，內容主要為學術講課，聽完後考生須作口說摘要。

聽力 (約1-2分)➤準備 (20秒)➤口說回答 (60秒)

05.托福口說第1題真題與示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 1 QUESTION, SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Some people like to take lots of photographs at parties with friends or family. Others think that this prevents people from fully participating in parties. Which do you agree with? Explain why. (2024年1月真題）

🎙口說第1題 示範答案音檔

口說第1題 示範答案 逐字稿

I think that it is good to take lots of photographs at parties, based on the following reasons. First, I think that photography is a way to preserve memories. It allows people to capture moments and share them later on. For example, on my 18th birthday, I took a lot of photos with my friends and family, and it became a way to remember the joyous moments and the people who were there to celebrate with me. Second, I believe that taking photographs can enhance engagement in the event. For instance, at a family reunion, someone taking photos of family members might speak with more different people and make connections they might not have otherwise. This is why I think so.

06.托福口說第2題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 QUESTION

口說第2題 真題(2024年1月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Professional Director for Spring Musical
Usually, the spring musical, the largest theatrical production of the year, is directed by students. This year, however, the university has hired a professional theater director, David Franks, to direct the show. Mr. Franks has directed many plays during his long, distinguished career in the theater. University officials think the theater students who sing, dance, and act in the show will learn a lot from working with an accomplished director. Additionally, university officials believe that a professional director will attract larger student audiences. According to one official, “more students will come to see the show because they’ve heard of Mr. Franks before. They’ll recognize his name.

聽力題目逐字稿 Conversation

Listen to a conversation between two students

A: Hey Paula! You usually act in these productions. What do you think about this decision?

B: I don’t like it at all.

A: But you’re a theater major, so wouldn’t this benefit you?

B: How can it be if the guy they hired already has a busy career? He’s already directing several other shows in the city and from what I hear, he’ll only be on campus like once a week.

A: Oh, that’s not much time.

B: I mean, I’m in this show and I’m afraid we’ll be left to work on the songs and practice the dances all by ourselves. We’d be much better off with a student directing because a student can hold rehearsals more often. I mean, there’s no point to practicing if the director isn’t actually present.

A: Well, there is that other benefit to hiring him.

B: You mean getting more people to go? Honestly, I don’t think that’ll happen.

A: But isn’t the guy pretty famous?

B: Sure, famous in his field, in the world of the theater. Students like me who love musical theater, we know him, but the average student has no idea who he is. They’ve never even heard of him.

A: Yeah, actually I’ve never heard of him before.

B: Exactly. So he’s not actually going to bring in anyone who wasn’t planning to attend already.

06.托福口說第2題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 2 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

The woman expresses her opinion of the letter. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.（2024年1月真題）

🎙口說第2題 示範答案音檔

口說第2題 示範答案逐字稿

The campus announcement mentions that the university has hired a professional theater director to direct the spring musical. The man in the listening disagrees with it for the following reasons. First, he states that it won’t benefit students if the director is already busy with his career and will only be on campus once a week. Students will end up practicing themselves without having the full attention and guidance of the director. Second, he states that the director is famous, but only in his field, the world of the theater. Only students who love musical theater know him, but other students might never have heard of his name. So hiring him will not attract more people to the performance. This is why he thinks so.

07.托福口說第3題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 QUESTION

口說第3題 真題(2024年1月真題)

閱讀題目 Reading

Experience Goods
Usually before people buy a product, they already have a good sense of how much they will enjoy it. However, there are some products whose value or usefulness cannot be known until a person has some experience with them. Such products are known as experience goods. Experience goods often cause problems for the companies that sell them because it is difficult to convince people to buy something when they are unsure whether they will like it. In order to show people the value of experience goods, companies can give customers free samples or previews so that they can experience a part of the product before they buy it.

聽力題目逐字稿 Lecture

So, recently a friend of mine started a company that makes educational DVDs for children. You know, a whole series of videos that are fun for the kids, but also teach them some basic reading and language skills. They’re the kind of videos that elementary school teachers would show to their kids in the classroom. Now my friend, she knew that her videos were really good, the best on the market, but teachers weren’t really buying them because well, there was no way for the teachers to know if they were any good. After all, they’d never seen them, right? So, here’s what she decided to do. She sent one DVD, the first one in the series, to several elementary school teachers in the area without charging anything. It was expensive for her to do this of course, but boy did it pay off! The teachers who received this first video showed it to their classes. They saw that the students thought the videos were fun and, more importantly, the teachers saw that students were learning from them. So, once the teachers saw how good the video was, lots of them ordered all the DVDs in the series. She kept offering the free first video to any teacher who wanted one and her DVDs became a success nationwide as more and more teachers heard about and tried them.

07.托福口說第3題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 3 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using the example from the lecture, explain what experience goods are and how companies overcome the difficulties of selling them.（2024年1月真題）

🎙口說第3題 示範答案音檔

口說第3題 示範答案逐字稿

The reading passage discusses the concept of experience goods. This is when companies give out free samples or previews to customers so that they can experience the value of the product before they buy it. In the lecture, the professor illustrates this concept with the example of educational DVDs for children. His friend’s company faced difficulties selling these DVDs to elementary school teachers because the teachers were unsure of their quality without experiencing them firsthand. To overcome this challenge, she provided free samples of the first DVD in the series to elementary school teachers. This allowed the teachers to experience the product without any financial cost. As a result, once the teachers saw the value of the educational DVDs by observing how their students enjoyed and learned from them, they were more inclined to purchase the entire series. The company’s strategy of offering free samples effectively demonstrated the value of the experience goods and ultimately led to increased sales.

08.托福口說第4題真題 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 QUESTION

聽力題目逐字稿 Listening

You’ve all seen pictures of polar bears, right? Those are the giant white bears that live in the Arctic, up near the North Pole where it’s extremely cold and snowy for much of the year. Polar bears live most of their lives in freezing temperatures, so they have developed certain body features, or adaptations that help them stay warm. Let’s talk about a couple of these adaptations.

First, polar bears have an adaptation to help them hold in the heat of the sun. As you know, dark colors absorb more sunlight than lighter colors do, so an animal living in the cold can stay warmer if the animal has dark coloring. You might be wondering what this has to do with polar bears, since they have white fur. Well, their fur only looks white. In fact, it is translucent, that is, light can pass through the fur. The bears’ skin underneath their fur is black, so when sunlight comes through the fur and hits their skin, the black skin absorbs a lot of light and heat from the sun and warms up their bodies.

Polar bears also have an adaptation that keeps cold water from reaching their skin. As I said, they spend a lot of time swimming in icy water. Now, I’m sure you know that for most animals, and also for people, having wet fur or hair makes you lose body heat very quickly. Well, polar bears need a way for their fur to continue insulating heat, even when submersed in water. They do it by having naturally oily fur. The oils in the fur repel water and make their fur waterproof. This creates a kind of barrier between a polar bear’s skin and the water that it swims in. The bears can spend hours in icy cold water without feeling cold.

08.托福口說第4題示範答案 TOEFL SPEAKING TASK 4 SAMPLE ANSWER

問題：

Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two adaptations that help polar bears survive in their Arctic environment.（2024年1月真題）

🎙口說第4題 示範答案音檔

口說第4題 示範答案逐字稿

The lecture discusses two adaptations that polar bears use to keep warm in their Arctic habitat. First, polar bears have black skin that can absorb sunlight. Although their fur appears white, it allows light to pass through. This means that polar bears’ black skin warms up from the sun. Second, animals that spend a lot of time in cold water need a way to keep warm in the water. The fur of polar bears is very oily. The oils in the fur repel water, so even if a polar bear swims in freezing water for hours, it will not feel cold. These are the two adaptations described in the lecture.

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